Narrator:
Welcome to EMTalk. These are the true stories about saving lives from
the people who saved them. Today’s episode is all about snakes and
springtime venom. Bees, Scorpions, spiders and snakes. Creatures that
emit venom as their defense. Now, here to discuss saving lives. Your host,
licensed paramedic, and director of EMS programs at Texas EMS school,
Judson Smith.
Juddson:
Man, that intro makes me feel like a superhero, and nothing else in my
life does.
So it’s nice to get that feeling. Oh, yeah. So, today we’re going to be
talking about venomous creatures. We’re going to be having a good
time. We will talk about these scorpions, these different types of snakes.
We’re going to be talking about how we manage those things when we
have interactions with them that don’t go so well, which most interactions
with these creatures are things you should avoid.
I do; I hate snakes. I don’t mind bees. I’ll grab a bee or bees. Don’t
bother me. I can’t even, barely feel that, scorpions I’m terrified of. We
didn’t even mention spiders in our, in our preparation for this, but spiders
are another big one that I’m not a fan of. So I’ll go ahead and ask you,
Doctor Philpott, and then I’ll introduce you after I’ve asked you a bunch
of questions.
Have here’s a fact that I’ve heard, and I guess it’s not a fact yet. Are most
spiders venomous?
Juddson:
I’d say I’d say all spiders are venomous to some extent. Oh, crap. It
depends on the size of the spider species of the spider if it’s even a risk
to humans. Everyone always hears about the Daddy Long Leg spider.
Dr Philpott: I doubt that’s true, but spiders need venom. Make kill their
prey. So, you know the big spiders? Tarantulas, of course, have to get
home. And they. I like widows and I recluses. They close roosting. But
outside of that, I would be worried about a spider on the ground. I’d
probably been bitten by a venomous spider before and didn’t even pay
attention to it.
Best case scenario, leave it alone. Yeah, I mean, my whole point here is
that we should probably avoid all of these things, and then it’s not a
problem.
Juddson:
So, Doctor Philpott, I know you, but for the benefit of the guests out
there, that might be listening. Go ahead and tell us a little bit about
yourself.
Dr Philpott:
Oh, my name is Colton Phillips. I’m a board certified EMS doctor here in
West Texas, and I did my training in Fort Worth, Texas, at the Smith Center
there. And then my medical training was in Lubbock, Texas, at the
University of Texas from my Red Raiders up there listening, being an ER
doc, you get exposed to all kinds of crazy things.
But, the most, most common summertime thing. It’s not the most
common, but it’s very common. You see it more in the summer. And
Spring is an investigation of all these things whilst in snake bites,
especially out here in West Texas.
Then, spiders get blamed for everything. You know, I see spider bites are
a chief complaint, usually cellulitis, that pops up like a pimple.
Juddson:
So, spiders get a bad rap. I’ll defend the spiders out there. There’s no
need to defend spiders.
Dr Philpott:
Very, very few spider bites are actually spider bites over the. Are they? It’s
totally something else, though. So that actually is super interesting to me
because I never thought about that, that a lot of times, it gets
misidentified.
Yeah. People come in, they’re like just I got bit by spider.
Juddson:
It’s probably true. My wife, don’t take this the wrong way, Alison, when
you listen. Usually, that’s how that statement says you probably shouldn’t
say what you’re about to say if you’re talking about your wife. But my wife
hates bugs and blames everything on them. Everything’s a bug, and
every time we feel a tickle, it’s got to be a bedbug.
Dr Philpott:
I don’t know, but it probably comes from having worked in EMS, and
you’ve probably experienced this working in the E.R. Bedbugs seem to
be at everyone’s house that you don’t want to go inside of. And it’s
always those houses that we get sent to. And so I’ve even refused to
continue working until I got to wash my clothes.
Juddson:
Oh, great. So now every house that has bedbugs has spiders. Scorpions
can make everyone paranoid from here on out. And then when you walk
outside, you’ll probably get stung by a bee. Oh, yeah? Yeah. So, you’re
basically just walking around hoping that you don’t get killed by one of
these things.
So this would be a really pertinent conversation. So make sure you guys
are paying attention. Okay, so some of the big ones we’re going to be
talking about, bees, scorpions, rattlesnakes, and then, I’ll go ahead and
add spiders in there because it’s come up a few times. So first let’s let’s
talk about the potential risks with these different creatures.
Dr Philpott:
What are we really worried about with the bees? I mean, I would say the
average person shouldn’t really be all that concerned about a bee sting.
Not if it’s one or two bees. When you get up to like tens, 2030s, 40s, 100
bee stings, then it kind of gets pretty dangerous for, say, just the general
person.
But anaphylaxis is always a concern for anybody. If they’ve ever been
stung by a bee, you never know the reaction. But for someone who has a
known allergy to these things, it’s it can be life or death. So, I’d say in
general, any animation from any creature is a risk for anaphylaxis. So that
as a, you know, EMS, EMT, paramedic, you know, responding to a call
that should be your biggest concern is this person might be an infected
person.
Juddson:
So okay, okay. So, in the fire world, at least in the rural fire world, there’s
this thing where they respond to infestations like it’s a hazardous
materials response. Almost. Have you ever heard of that? Yeah,
absolutely. Again, you want to make sure you’re seen safe. And if you
walk into a building and there’s a hive of bees like you don’t wish to, your
responders get stung, and then you go from one patient, it’s not ideal.
Dr Philpott:
No. I mean, I guess the more patients, the more problems. It’s kind of like
more money. I wouldn’t know about that. So, so I’ve actually responded
to several bee sting situations, and I guess because I’m not allergic, like,
it’s never really been that big a deal to me. I don’t really pay attention to
it, but, first, are you allergic to bees?
Juddson:
No, thank you. Thankfully, no, I’ve been stung quite a bit. Okay, good.
Yeah. You’re a farm guy. I am probably not worried about it, either. I’m
still concerned about it. It hurts. I’m scared of bees because of the sting.
I’m not just walking up there and looking at like, I don’t know, it just never
bothers me. I used to be scared to death, and I get stung by one.
Dr Philpott:
But then I’ve been stung a few times and now I’m just like, yeah,
whatever. Well, I’ll bring you out to the ranch and let you walk
underneath. Oh, I wonder why you would want me to do that. That’s just
hateful. So how severe many bee sting situations would you say you’ve
seen? Well, define serious.
So any person with an allergic reaction to bees is pretty severe. So I just
had one last week, coming to Hendrick South. She’s got a known bee
allergy. I got stung; I was mowing the yard big histamine reaction. Her leg
couldn’t breathe very well. So you got epinephrine by family members.
But, you know, there was a significant bee sting just last week.
Now, it’s always a gradient. There’s someone who’s been stung and it just
hurts. And, you know, there’s a town on some ice, and you’ll go home.
You’ll be fined in a row. And then, at the end of last summer, we had two
patients be transferred to us from one of the rural counties north who had
a massive bee in animation.
So hundreds and hundreds of stings to the point where it’s not just
anaphylaxis is the problem. It’s the toxicity of the bee venom. It’s almost
like a snake bite for these patients or severely ill. And bee venom is
actually pro-thrombotic. So, if you get enough in your system, it can
actually induce blood clots.
Actually, really. Someone had a massive bee sting, it can have a heart
attack. Do you usually do a 12 lead on somebody? That’s please do. So,
someone’s hypotensive and altered, and they have bee stings all over.
You need to do an EKG.
So they, the two patients, it’s usually the very young and the very elderly
are always high risk for that. No young, healthy person, they’ll probably
get through it. But, these, you know, these patients will be hypertensive,
they’ll go into DIC, need a lot of support immediately to the ICU. And
there’s bee antivenom, which is pretty rare.
We don’t have in West Texas. It’s only going to be these big centers.
Houston, Dallas will have it. And you’re going to need that toxicologist to
approve that.
Usually, the poison control line needs to be called and be pretty frank,
like, hey, this person has a massive bee in animation. I need help, and
they’ll walk you through it.
Oh wow. One of the patients did pass away. The other one, you know, in
the ICU for 3 or 4 days. They were discharged, but they were very elderly,
and a shout out to the crew; I took care of them up there in the middle of
nowhere with limited resources. They gave these people wise enough to
get a nurse.
Juddson:
Wow, they did a good job. That’s insane. I’ve never. So this is the first time
I’ve heard of it that bad. Obviously, I’ve heard of people dying from bee
stings. I’ve never experienced that happen before. It’s always been a
quick enough response that everything ends up good at the end of the
day.
Dr Philpott:
No. So, the gentleman who came in with all the bee stings did have EKG
changes. It was not obvious to me. So he didn’t go to the cath lab, but
that’s still what’s crazy? One of my partners is a road worker who’s
mowing. he gets stung by a bunch of bees next to him, and he has a
heart attack.
Juddson:
Wow. You know, it’s more, you know, it’s not uncommon. But it does
happen that some consider. Well, well, that is pretty cool. That’s a new
thing to me. So, there is some widespread knowledge about bees. Or it’s
common knowledge. It may not be; only female bees sting, correct? Well,
most of the hives are just females, right?
It’s my assumption. So. Okay, I’ve never seen a male bee. Of course I
need to get closer. Yeah, I know, but from my understanding from
zoology nine years ago, the hive is mostly female work. So yeah, I took
zoology, and I was pre-med when I started at Texas Tech. Yeah. Rackham
Tech and Zoology was one of the courses I could take that was relevant,
and I took it, and, that guy had a thing about dolphins.
And so, all I learned about was dolphins personally. Yeah. It was it was
really weird. In fact, before our final, he forced us to watch a video about
how dolphins are being killed. And this one girl gets up and goes, I don’t
care about dolphins. Can I take the rhino? And he goes, if you want to
pass final, you must watch dolphins.
Oh, he’s a Russian man. Yeah, yeah. It was obsessed with that Russian
man. I’m obsessed with dolphins. Shout out to the Russians. No problem
with Russians. But this guy had a thing for dolphins. And it made it quite
difficult to learn about all the other stuff on the final. Because on the final,
he didn’t seem to have any problem talking about other animals, but
during the class, it was all about the dolphins.
And I can’t tell you a thing about dolphins. I just tuned out at that point.
So, dolphins are not venomous creatures, but moving on back to bees.
So when a bee stings the stinger gets stuck in your skin. Yeah. And it has
little barbs on it, and it doesn’t come out. So venom can keep going into
your skin once that stingers are in there.
Dr Philpott:
Right? Yeah. So once it’s in, it almost has a little muscle that continues to
pump venom. In the example I said earlier, with the massive bee
innervation, he had hundreds of bee stings just on his face alone. So at
that point, you need it. You need to get the stingers out of the body.
So, it might be something to consider if you have a long transport time.
Now, you want to avoid getting a pair of tweezers and pulling on
something easy. And what we used that night was get a really, you know,
credit card type thing—something hard, with an edge on it—and just kind
of scrape it like you’re doing a straight shave to scrape all of those
stingers off.
Dr Philpott:
So it took about an hour to get all the stingers out about those guys, but,
you know, they’re still having some kind of systemic toxicity to that
venom. Those have to come out. Is that something that like you sit there
and do or is that something we have we have great technicians and and
nurses at the trauma center.
We are just I just delegated. Hey, get those out. Here’s how you do it.
They sit there and scrape them for about an hour. You hand them your
credit card.
Juddson:
Someone had like a random like blockbuster card, which was funny to
me. Blockbuster. Yes. So I think they were scraping it.
Was this in 1990? No. I still have a Blockbuster card. I’ll put it on my desk.
It’s a novelty now. It was mine. It was my wife’s mom’s or something like
that. They’re cleaning out her old, oh my gosh, we’re going to have to do
it. I saw it about Blockbuster some time. Hey, it’s not relevant to medicine
at all.
Dr Philpott:
But I loved Blockbuster. It was a good time. It was. I mean, some people
need to remember what it was like to go and rent a movie. And it was, I’ll
tell you what it was. Make sure you rewind it or you give it back. Yeah,
please be rewind. Oh, boy. There’s a whole different string of pearls.
Juddson:
Okay, so if we get deep into it, let’s talk about the systemic reaction that
causes bee stings to be a problem. So the main issue with any vitamin,
not just bees, is that massive histamine response to the allergic reaction
you have. Your mast cells release all that histamine, and then you go into
a cytokine storm type.
Dr Philpott:
You’re getting in the weeds here a little bit. So, you start that, that
anaphylaxis relaxed reaction, the swelling of the face and GI upset
wheezing, flushing hypotension. So tachycardia is all that fight or flight
response with that histamine reaction. That’s the main thing to see there.
You know they’ll be different. Consider early intervention in these people
if they have significant swelling.
But the main thing is to get that epinephrine in the epinephrine Benadryl
and steroids as fast as you can. Good job access. And you know, I’ve seen
a lot of near-innovation anaphylaxis. Just resolve with buffer. Now you
might have to give multiple doses when transporting them. But you
know, we get calls like, hey we have this tear I’m hearing on the radio this
terrible information of whatever or anaphylaxis, given that by the time
you get the are there, like, I know, you know, the crew has fixed you, but,
you know, sit here for a couple of hours.
Juddson:
I don’t know. Now, I never happens. Yeah. So, I mean, really. Yeah. You’re
right. It’s not just in relation to being in animation. I mean, that’s that’s the
body’s response all together for. Yeah, for some foreign body, some
people in a peanut and they have the same reaction. Yeah. You just got to
be cognizant and then crazy.
Juddson:
What did you die for? Peanut. Gosh darn peanuts. I don’t know who
they’re telling this story to when they’re dead, but somebody here. Well,
so, you just got into the end of of the b talk that I wanted to go into is how
do we treat the bee sting? And, one remove the stinger.
Dr Philpott:
Two, here is a quick response regarding epinephrine administration. If it’s
if it’s a legitimate, not just allergic reaction, but anaphylactic reaction and
then managing that airway is a big one. And that’s when it’s really easy to
get distracted. Oh, I’ve got to get Benadryl. I got to get epi, and then you
start, you forget, hey, somebody needs to pay attention to that airway
because even if you’re doing all this stuff, it could still close up, and we
could still have a bad breath.
Absolutely mean all that. A demon airway. It’s a difficult intubation. So if
someone’s turning that way, I know when you’re on the side of caution
and you’re that early. And then, can I take a sidebar because I had a
sidebar or someone came in? So when you’re holding an EpiPen, you’re
not putting your thumb on top because when you do that, it will always
stab you in the finger.
Juddson:
It’s just how it happens. I love that some of them have a little red top that
looks just like a pin. Oh yeah, yeah. So I had a guy come in who went to
give epi to somebody and stabbed his thumb and epinephrine in his
fingers. No, no, no bueno. You do not want that.
Dr Philpott
So hold it with your thumb down. And if it doesn’t go in, turn it and do it
the other way. When that needle comes out, like a lot of people assume,
it’s kind of like the Lancet for BGL or something. No, it’s a pretty good-
sized long needle, too. Yeah, so I’m sure the guy doesn’t feel good.
His thumb was stabbed, and he had all that epinephrine injected in there.
So we had a cold, clammy little so, which is a little bit too localized. So, if
you’ve never held an EpiPen, don’t put your thumb on top like a pin. It
looks like a pin. You want to hold it like a pin.
Juddson:
Just don’t do it. So, I’ll take another sidebar. The. When I was learning
how to use an EpiPen, the instructor who taught me was telling this story
about how one day he was instructing it and, he assumed he was using a
used epi or a tester. And for some reason, he grabbed one that was still
full.
He put his thumb over it. He goes, wipe the area clean, boom. And then
he felt the needle go in and he’s like, oh. And so he, he looked and sure
enough, you know, if you open those things up, you can see the fluid.
There’s still enough usually for another three injections, if it can do that,
even a cup of coffee.
Yeah. Oh, he said that he was up for a while. He said that he made some
foolish decisions because he was amped up, and he just felt sick, though.
He said it wasn’t like a great amped feeling. It was, like, a terrible feeling.
So, I don’t want to get stung by it.
Yeah. And now what we really teach people is how to draw up that epi.
You know, because for a while, EpiPens became just completely
unaffordable. And so, yeah, they’re still pretty expensive. The price was
different from what it was. It was like it’s 750, $800 and, it’s gone down
quite a bit. But, we teach both in our courses how to do it with the auto-
injector and how to draw it up even from an ampule because a lot of
places use those ampoules because they’re cheap.
Juddson:
Oh, yeah. So it’s interesting, that epi. So, I want to move on to what I think
is the most interesting animal that is not poisonous but venomous. You
guys missed the whole conversation about how stupid we would sound if
we said ” poisonous ” repeatedly. If it’s poisonous, it’ll kill you if you eat it.
If it’s venomous, it’ll kill you if it tries to eat. I mean, to clarify, if I eat a live
scorpion, it might sting me on the way down, but it’s still business. Or it’s
still venomous because it’s funny. So, my eighth-grade science teachers
are happy that we’re making it. It’s almost worse and more insulting that
you mentioned that you learned that in eighth grade, and I’m now just
learning it.
So I appreciate that. Thanks for shoving that in there. So, rattlesnakes, I
assume, if you’ve never met Doctor Phil Potter. No. I don’t know a whole
lot about it. I mean, I mean, I mean, an outdoors-type guy who enjoys the
farm life and that country life as many people in Texas do. And so I
assume you’ve seen or been around several rattlesnakes.
Dr Philpott:
Oh, so, up until moving to Abilene, I had yet to encounter a rattlesnake.
About a month ago, in our barn, I was moving to another barn, and I
found a little 14-inch rattlesnake. He was not happy. Thankfully, I back up,
and I have one of that kind of Steve Irwin snake sticks that you had, you
know, so growing up.
I relocated him way off before you; you were just hairy in this stick. No, I
have that. I have it on me when I’m out working. It’s knowing me as an ER
doctor, I’d probably get bitten. Snake. Just be a dishonor to mine, my
profession. But as a kid, I. You know, I grew up in East Texas, so we
encountered copperheads and people for sure.
So that was always a risk. We always had gotten us in our pond all the
time, and they’re pretty aggressive, real short, giant fat snake. Usually, like
completely black or dark brown and then copperheads, of course, with
that copper color and real skinny, real fat. So, something I encountered.
I’m always watching for it.
Juddson:
I have two sons now who are just that’s the downside of Steve Irwin and
Coyote Peterson. Oh, we’re going to talk about it now, if you’ve ever
watched that. So, my sons are incredibly, incredibly motivated to find a
snake, which gives me and my wife horrible anxiety. So, I have definitely
seen a lot of every venomous creature in Texas. Thankfully, I had an
encounter with only bee stings.
I love Steve Irwin much, but that guy did not teach me how to be safe
around animals. Yeah, he, you know, puts on sunglasses and gets beaten
by a cobra. Yeah, he’s like whatever. And his son is just as wild as he is.
You may have watched any of his stuff, but he’ll be the same way.
Oh it’s crazy Coyote Peterson. We’ll come back to Coyote Peterson
because that guy’s a walking trip to the E.R.. I don’t I don’t know how we
don’t see more episodes of that guy just half dead. There’s definitely a lot
of kids who are getting bit by some bug. Yeah, I have to watch. Yeah, and
everybody thinks he’s this educational, great guy.
He’s just teaching our kids at school. You’ll survive. Just let everything by
you. He does preface like, don’t do this. And then he proceeds to do it.
Yeah, but Steve-O and Johnny Knoxville also did. And we all made videos
like that. So that doesn’t work for kids. Okay, so, we’ll do rattlesnakes.
We’ll do copperheads, too, since you have some experience there.
Dr Philpott
So rattlesnakes, they see or hear by sensing vibrations and heat. That’s
their main way of visualization. Their eyes are really not great. I mean,
they’re not just looking around for everybody they can see, but it’s still
just blurs and heat vision real. And so the danger is that they can sense
you coming well before you’ve gotten to them.
And so you know, most of the time that would tell you they probably try
to get away or, or whatever. But sometimes they don’t. And sometimes
they know you well before you’re aware of them because they start that
rattle once you’re a lot closer. Yeah. You have to disturb them and see
some rattling. And most people, if you’ve been outdoors, you’ve been
around a thousand snakes, but they’ve either just crawled away or you
didn’t disturb them enough even to notice.
They are camouflaged stuff. I’ve walked over a copperhead before and in
real life I went to walk back like, oh yeah, Copperheads. I don’t know,
there’s this really, interesting picture that made the rounds on Facebook
several times, and it’s this picture and it says, can you spot the snake?
That’s all the leaves on the ground.
Juddson:
Yeah. I’ve yet to find it. Oh, I found the snake. But every time I see the
picture again, I can’t seem to find it for, like, forever. So, it’s just stupid
that I already know where it is. But it takes me forever to see it. And there
is, I guess you call it, an old wives tale.
Dr Philpott:
We don’t. I just let me just preface this. If I if you bring in a snake bite. In
general, I don’t bring the snake in. You don’t have to kill the snake. You
don’t have to bring it in so I can identify it to give a specific anti-venom.
All of these North American snakes separate snakes, and we can talk
about them later.
They’re all pit vipers. Roar from the same kind of genus or family,
whichever designation you want to use. The antivenom is the same for all
of them. So you’re not. We’re not going to give a rattlesnake venom or
copperhead random venom. I actually did not know that. So it’s, you
know, two different types of antivenom once or serum the first and the
other one.
I’m unsure how Webster’s, but it’s the same. So if you know, I have had
medics who have brought in a copperhead, a little one stuffed in a 7Up
bottle with the lid on it, it’s like, hey, doc, look, here’s the snake that I’m
like, why? Why did you pick that up? You could have just told me. They
could just say, it’s a snake bite, and I know how to treat it.
So don’t bring the snake in. You don’t have to cut the head off and bring
me the. Bring me the tail like we know. So the only time to specifically
like, hey, here’s the kind of snake is coral snakes. Or if they have some
kind of exotic creature that Texas allows exotic snakes, or if they have
some weird exotic creature, I would appreciate knowing what kind so we
can get them to the snake antivenom out here in West Texas.
We do not have the exotic venom. So there are different treatments for
some of those, though. Yeah. So. So, coral snake, I forget the name of the
family genus, but like cobras and and, like sea snakes. They’re all part of
that same family. They have neurotoxin instead of, like, ima toxin or not a
toxin, which is what the pit vipers and the rattlesnakes have.
They actually cause respiratory depression and affect your nervous
system. Yeah, they have their own specific antivenom. Those are almost
always 100% of the time located at a zoo. So, the nearest zoo here in
Abilene has a very large stash of exotic snake venom. They’ll have that in
the reptile handler’s course.
They handle these snakes every day. So if that’s the case, someone like,
oh, I got a black mamba and a first off, make sure the scene is safe so the
crew doesn’t get hit by it. But, you know, take that person immediately,
call, you know, ahead so we can discuss with poison control because
we’ll probably helicopter that person to a center that has that antivenom.
So, a nationwide system of all these zoos will alert each other and bring
the venom to you and venom to you. So, these guys have pagers on. It’s
like a it’s a snake pager. It’s a neat thing. So, shout out to, JP’s, toxicology.
Doctor Kelton O’Connor also.
I went to the zoo and got to talk to these reptile handlers and see the big
case of anti-venom in the big fridge and all that. Wow. And then it comes
with a card. So, to all the doctors out there, if you get a black mamba bite
and you call poison control, and they send the venom to you, it’s like a
little briefcase. You open it, and there’ll be a card in there to tell you how
much to give.
And don’t be shy. Some of the stuff has expired, but, you know, it’s so
rare they don’t throw it away. So, if you expire, any of it, and for black
vomit, just, I mean, it might be the only thing you can expire when it
comes to medication. Doesn’t mean it’s not effective. Actually, it just
means less effective.
So you might have to adjust your dosing. But yeah, I would still use it. I
would take the shot. So like you most almost all hospitals won’t have like
the coral snake antivenom. They’re very real rare bites. Yeah. They rarely
cause, you know, any neuro symptoms outside of just the the thing, like
Percy’s in pain and that remedy.
Everywhere most certainly will have some form of, pit viper and even a
probe or an event. They’ll have it. So, very small vipers are common. Well,
I mean, I don’t think common bites, but they’re they’re an ordinary snake.
You know, we’ll probably get 10 to 20 this year in the city of Abilene in
the outlying areas that come in. So it’s it’s more common. Anything, you
know, people get out on about how to handle snake in a couple of years
and, and, you know, be good on hand. It’s that’s the most common a
couple beers and you know what?
I’m going to go pick up that snake over here I don’t know I don’t care
how many beers in I might be. That’s definitely not what I’m thinking of. I,
I have very few, like, real fears, of other things, like, I mean, I have the
normal fear of, you know, never amounting to anything, but I don’t have
the animal fears, really.
Juddson:
But snakes are one of them. I don’t like snakes at all. I would probably be
the guy that would be like, look, I killed the snake after a bit, this guy. And
you’d be like, why? I’d be like because it scared me. So, I’m not a big fan
of snakes, so I stay pretty clear of snakes, and I assume that’s the best
practice for everyone.
Just stay clear of them. We’ve talked about a few different kinds of
snakes. When researching this, I had always heard that a baby rattlesnake
is more dangerous than the bigger ones. But what I found out was that’s
actually not true. The only difference is that they don’t control how much
venom they use.
Dr Philpott:
But a larger snake. As snakes grow, at least rattlesnakes, they actually
store more and more and more venom as that gland grows. Yeah. And so
really, if they wanted to, they’re way more dangerous to get bit by a full-
grown rattlesnake. So there’s a lot of wives tales about, you know, baby
snakes and more hazardous that, you know, copperheads don’t need
antivenom, stuff like that.
So, in general, all snakes can bite and inject venom. So ideally, please
don’t put them. And if you’re a crew that responds to that, to a snake bite,
I would be cautious and bring them in like there’s, you know, a lot of
people refuse and things like that. There are dry bites that you can watch,
so make sure there’s no ill effect.
But in general, you need regardless or at least observation. I’ve seen
many people come in with a snake bite to the ankle. They feel fine.
There’s no pain. I sit on them for about 3 or 4 hours and all my heart.
Now, here comes all the swelling. There are delayed responses. Yeah, I
mean, you know, baby snake or, you know, ten-foot king cobra.
Juddson:
Have you ever had a cobra bite? Oh, I hope we don’t. I mean, that sounds
crazy. A giant king cobra got loose in Irving, Texas, years ago. Did you
ever read that? No. Yeah. So, I was like, you know, just reported. Hey, my
massive king cobra got out.
I need to find out where it is. And like a subdivision-type setting, I could
not sleep in there. I love that America is the land of the free, but maybe a
little less freedom now and then wouldn’t be such a bad idea. You know,
perhaps not letting people own. What’s the point of living if I think it’s just
never been my aspiration to own a king cobra, a tiger, or anything else?
Well, I’m not I’m not going to lie. Tiger would be cool. I did read that.
There are more tigers in captivity in Texas than in the wild, which I
thought, well, it doesn’t sound authentic, but knowing us as Texans, it’s
probably, we’re going to have to talk about that one day. Because to me,
as a Texan, that sounds true.
We do many things that don’t make sense to them, and owning lots of
tigers would be one of them. So, let’s talk about how to how to treat
those snake bites so it feels like it changes all the time in the prehospital
setting. Yeah, there’s a lot of, you know, really embedded practices that
should have shown no utility or efficacy at all.
Dr Philpott:
The most common ones are little vitamin extractor tools that are still sold
today. Initially, they did some studies that showed you could get a third of
the venom out of there. However, in the animal studies, it showed no
benefit at all. And if anything, you’re inducing more to come into that
area.
So, the venom extractors, even though they’re neat, and many people
swear by them and always carry them. I don’t see too much harm with it,
but I’m not, like, I’m not the ER doctor. I won’t indicate that I’d better use
that intermix factor on the way. And then again, the old-timey thing they
would like is to cut the actual injection and point the venom out.
Please don’t cut my patient ever. That’s the other main thing. And then I
tourniquet. It’s; we’ve been hot for a while. People want to turn it off the
extremity that will cause significant injury, reducing blood flow to the
area. There’s no evidence of that. You’re causing substantial harm. If
anything, you’re concentrating the venom into those tissues.
So, I would recommend lots of fluids to any crew, elevating that extremity
and pain control, watching flex, and getting them to a place with animals.
That’s the main thing. So that, you know, a diesel bolus, you know, secure
the patient, make sure there’s no airway, treat anaphylaxis. If it’s there,
treat the pain. Lots of fluids, and bring them to me so I can call a
helicopter if I don’t have any venom.
And I can, you know, do a big dinner, but otherwise, antivenom. That’s it.
Well, so that’s really what we teach now: just immobilize the area and try
to reduce movement as much as possible, which I don’t even think makes
the difference. But it’s something that we teach so that you feel like I’ve
got something to work with here.
And then get to the hospital. Yeah, but when I first got into EMS, it was a
term like that, where the first thing they taught you was how to put a
tourniquet above the wound. But then I’ve always kept up with how those
changes and it just goes back and forth.
So you’re saying really just fluids and get them to the hospital to treat
anaphylaxis, fluids, pain control, and get them to me. And then I can give
them the magic antivenom that will help significantly reduce a scenario
that we’re all. Now, I’ll preface the tourniquet-off conversation overseas in
Africa and Asia, in areas with snakes with neurotoxic venom.
These are things that cause risk for depression and paralysis. There is
some utility and compression now. It’s not a tourniquet where you cut off
blood flow, but compression to the bitten area. So usually, it’s like a
rubber kind of compression, an ace bandage. The function of that is that
it compresses the lymphatic system so that neurotransmitters can’t
spread as quickly.
Juddson:
Does it work?
Dr Philpott:
I don’t know, I don’t know of any studies that are, you know, let people
get bit by cobras and then seeing how long it takes them to stop
breathing. But I’m not going to volunteer. But overseas and, to some
extent, oral snakes because that’s the same thing. Family snakes. You can
do a very light compression to that extremity, and it’s of some utility.
So, all pit vipers in the United States. So, all the snakes but one are very
hard to get bit by a coral snake. You really must be messing with the thing
to get bit by. It doesn’t surprise me that people do like, oh, look at this
snake. No tourniquet. No compression is needed; elevate it.
But if it’s a coral snake in the United States, a slight compression on that
extremity might help you. But overseas, it’s a whole different back. There
are all kinds of other things that might cause significant illness with
neurotransmitters that might have elevated. Isn’t it crazy that somehow
we landed in a country where we don’t have much of that?
Juddson:
Well, again, every snake here is dangerous to me. You know, we got
scorpions and spiders. We’re not Australia, but it’s not; it’s close. We
haven’t discussed Gila monsters in areas like Arizona or northern Mexico.
That’s true, as though they have their antivenom. Again, the only way you
get bit by them is if you put your hand in their mouth; you’re just going to
feel a little easier.
But supposedly incredibly painful. And that’s what I’ll defer to my Arizona
E.R. Doctors because we won’t see one here if we’re not native here, and
the only people who will get bitten are probably the zoo handlers of
those things, and they know better. I’ve heard it’s hurt. It’s excruciating.
And what you’re highly concerned about is the bacteria.
Dr Philpott:
Maybe I’d say that bacteria from all animal bites is a problem. I’m not too.
I’m not up to date on my Gila monster treatments. I wish you would have
come prepared with the monster information. You might be confusing
that with a Komodo dragon. And if someone probably has a Komodo
dragon bite, I’m more concerned about where it is than why this person
was a bit like you have a pet Komodo dragon.
Juddson:
That’d be my main concern. Did you contain this animal before? Before
you left? No. It’s like there’s a dinosaur on the loose in Abilene. I would
be more concerned about it. That’s true. I get those are things. Those
things are dinosaurs. It is a dinosaur. That’s crazy. Okay. Which takes us
smoothly into scorpions. Did you know that scorpions have been around
since before dinosaurs?
No, but it makes sense through that creep that I would not be surprised.
So, this is your flank? I wouldn’t say I like those things. Not as bad. We get
scorpions in our house. They’re tiny little, little scorpions that come in
now and then. We spray quite a bit out of there, so they don’t bother me
as much. Tiny little scorpions sound scary to me.
They’re big ones because they can be anywhere. Yeah, that’s true, but it’s
probably just in your shoes. In my view, it’s just a big bug. So they’re hard
to step on. They crunch more than anything. So, you got to well, so you
made me feel bad because you mentioned that you learned some of
these things in eighth grade, and I just now did.
Dr Philpott:
So, I will make you feel bad that scorpions aren’t insects. Arachnids. I
don’t have that either. I don’t know. Great, great. Oh, doctor. And I, being
a doctor, must give you all this base knowledge. Arachnids are some.
They’re also. They’re like a subspecies of crustaceans. Yes. So, a crab is
closer to the spider than it is to something else.
Juddson:
That’s crazy. Animals are so weird. So scorpions. I don’t think I’ve ever
been all that scared of scorpions, but I haven’t encountered them a whole
lot. I’ve been stung by one before, and it was not that bad. It wasn’t that
big a deal. It’s probably the level of, like, a wasp. Yeah, I think so, yeah.
Now it was scarier because it kept trying to do it. Yeah, yeah. They are
angry little creatures.
Dr Philpott:
Yeah. Once they’re once, they’re mad. They keep going. And that’s the
scary part. Most of you know, you get some of my wasps, it’s like, all right,
man, I’m done. I’ll see you. Yeah. Scorpions like. All right. I’m not done.
I’m going to keep doing this to you until you’re dead.
Dr Philpott:
And then, the main thing here is that we have a species of bark scorpion
that’s mainly in Arizona that causes some neuro effects and, you know,
like a coral snake. And I’ve been, but the volume you get in these things
is low. Most of the time, this is the typical scorpion you’ll get called about.
It’s just pain and like a wasp thing. So watch out for again, anaphylaxis is
the main thing, but mainly, it’s just going to be painful, and most people
won’t even call you about it. Have you ever seen a reaction to a scorpion?
No. Me neither. People come in with pain, and they have, you know, a
little red spot.
Juddson:
It’s just like, I’m sorry that happened to you. Here’s on all. I’m on the
head. Don’t touch Scorpion again kind of thing. But if they, you know,
signs of anaphylaxis, you know, one of the most common, you know,
severe reaction to other scorpions overseas that cause all horrible kinds
of things. I’m unfamiliar with those since I’m not going to encounter, you
know, some Sahara Desert scorpions here in West Texas.
Dr Philpott:
Hopefully not. The only one I’d be concerned about would be the great
Southwest States. Yeah. That’s it. And I think they only have the
antivenom for that scorpion there, like Tucson, Arizona, Utah. So, if
somehow you get stung here, if it’s that one and you have a very severe
invasion, I’ve got to call it talk salon and be like, you’ll have the venom
nearby, and they’ll be like, oh, okay.
Juddson:
You’ll be like, all right. I mean, call your loved ones. I’m not going to die.
Is it the scorpion they shouldn’t die from? They shouldn’t. If it’s that
severe, we’ll probably transport that patient somewhere or have them fly.
Shouldn’t a typical doctor talk? Yeah. You could die for sure. Again.
Anything I’ll get you. Yeah, but so.
Dr Philpott:
So, the largest known scorpion grows up to nine inches. I mean, that
doesn’t sound crazy, but a nine-inch scorpion. I mean, are they talking?
Like, pincers to tail, like the body is if it’s nine inches of just scorpion body
plus tail plus less pinchers at the front. Oh, that is terrible. Yeah, because,
I mean, with pinchers in the tail, you could add like another 3 or 4in
easily.
Juddson:
Yeah. So that would be crazy I don’t know I don’t know the answer to that
for the listeners. That scorpion is not native here. No. It’s in, Asia. It’s an
Asian giant for a scorpion. Now, 450 million years ago, scorpions used to
grow up to three feet. Yeah, that would be scary. Yeah, that’s not
pleasant. It’s like a Chihuahua.
Juddson:
Yeah, well, I would argue that Chihuahuas are way worse than scorpions.
Not me. I treat more tarantula bites than I do scorpions. And that’s like
they’re, you know, like little man syndrome when you have somebody
that feels like they got to prove something because they’re not huge.
That’s how Chihuahuas are; they’re constantly going to prove that they
can mess you up.
So, you and I talked about this before the podcast even began. You can
hunt these scorpions with UV light. Yes. Right. Yeah. So that they, they
forget the name of the whatever the, whatever that’s called, not
bioluminescence, but whatever. When you put UV radiation on them, and
they glow in the dark. So, my son and I have gone out on our land with a
headlamp that has the ability and just looked at him.
I won’t let him touch them as much as he wanted to be Coyote Peterson.
Grab it and, you know, take it home. You should have put it in a jar. And
then you guys could set up a little camera. It’s just right there. Get me, get
me, buddy. So, scorpion venom has some medicinal properties as well, is
what I’ve heard.
Dr Philpott:
Have you ever heard anything about that? Not necessarily. Scorpion. I
have seen some stuff with the big, like bee stings and chronic pain. You
can know stuff like that, but nothing. Nothing I’m going to prescribe to
you. Here are two scorpion stings per day for the next seven days. See, I
would tell you that I would, you know, some people are against
vaccinations.
Juddson:
I would be against the use of you stinging me with a scorpion over and
over again. We use leeches in the hospital. We’re not scorpions. We still
use leeches in the hospital. What do we use leeches for? You know, like
digits. You know, it’s a process where you need blood flows. The leeches
attached them to the, you know, extremities.
Dr Philpott:
I don’t know if that will induce blood flow into that area. That is Tera
Sterile leeches. Yeah. Most big hospitals. But how does it how was it
leech? Sterile. They grow them in the lab. It’s not like you go in the
swamp and get them. Yes. Here’s here’s my leech technician. Go ahead.
Give me some more leeches, buddy.
Juddson:
Maybe in Louisiana they go get some swamp leeches. But because they
don’t have, they’re sterile or sterile. So how do they do that? They still
use, maggots in the hospital. Not purposefully. Now, patients do come in
with that. Oh, that’s that’s even worse than anything. But shout out to the
maggots. They kept, you know, the brads, the tissue, and probably kept
that patient from being horribly septic and dying.
Dr Philpott:
So they did their job, but they were rather unpleasant to be around. My
grandfather was in World War Two, and he got deployed to Japan
towards the end of the war. And in Japan, there were still these groups of
people who decided that, no, the war’s not over, and we’re not going to
accept that.
And so he’s in this convoy, and the convoy gets blown up. Right? And
most everybody in the convoy dies. He gets set on fire, rolls down a hill,
falls in some water, and gets lucky and lives through it. I’m lucky, I guess,
he woke up in a hospital with things he could feel crawling, and he was
covered in bandages.
And they told him that they had covered and wrapped him in bandages,
and underneath were maggots eating the dead skin. Sounds like more of
a field hospital problem or than an actual prescribed treatment. I don’t
know, it is. The worst thing he told me about the war was how he was
treated after the war. Yeah, it was it was terrifying.
He, But he ended up living through that. Obviously, he was able to tell
me this story, which is a super weird thing. But he was in the hospital for,
like, six months recovering from burn wounds.
Juddson:
Okay, so as we as we close in here, come, we got to come to some
conclusion about this. I want to talk a little bit about spiders.
So, we talked about spiders beforehand, and I’m not a big fan of spiders.
Not necessarily scared of them. So, what are the big ones in Texas? I
know we’ve got brown recluse, brown recluse or fiddle back from, what is
it called?
Dr Philpott:
If you look at their back, there’s almost a coloration of a violin or a fiddle.
It seems like it needs to be looked at closer. It sounds like some
bluegrass backcountry, you know, stuff to me, but I like it. We make good
doctors. The other one, of course, is the black widow spider.
So that, you know, the big black spider you see outside our doors or in
our houses or things like that, where they have the little red hourglass on
their stomach. Right. Tarantulas are venomous to some extent. They’re
there in West Texas, but I’ve yet to encounter a motivation. They do have
little hairs that itch if you might complain of that, but Brown recluse and
black widow are the most common.
Now, I’ve yet to admit a spider bite. Until about a year ago, I had an older
gentleman who got bit by a brown recluse. That was in the shirt he put
on. You put on a shirt more on the neck and shoulder, and he had a
pretty severe. And he was not feeling well, not so. What happened to that
wound area?
Does it start to grow? So, the difference is that the brown recluse or fiddle
back is typically a bite wound that people don’t realize. They’re usually
people moving, or they’re in some, like, least trafficked area of the home
or a barn or something like that. And they get bit, they don’t really realize
it maybe itches and have a little look reaction, but their toxin is cytotoxic,
so it destroys the tissue, and they get a huge necrotic wound.
So that’s the one spider bite I can recognize. And it’s always like a week
to two weeks later, like eight 9 or 10. They have a huge necrotic wound
with all this infection. And, you know, if they’re severe enough to need to
be debride it sometimes. So if they’ve been on the finger of the hand, it’ll
get nasty.
There’s, I don’t know if an anti-venom for those specifically, but by the
time they presented the, it’s too late. They need antibiotics and maybe
some surgical vertebrate. So really, you’re not treating the animation
anymore. It’s more of like the tissue: tissue necrosis and decay are the
main treatments there. If you Google this, and I don’t reckon they are
gnarly, it is gross like the one you can see most.
Like the one is right here on the thumb, and you can see all the tendons
after it closes. It’s baths and people. I had I had one of those probably a
month or two ago. It was on the someone’s calf. They had probably a
half-dollar-sized area of necrosis that was just, you know, infected at.
Juddson:
So, like, I was on antibiotics and care for a while. I think that’s the thing
that gets me the most when I’ve seen wounds, really bad ones, is when
they get to that necrotic state, or they start to get like a pit of just dead
tissue in there. It’s so gross. So that’s why I’d instead not get bit by about
loose based on what’s.
Yeah. I mean, I’m not even all that worried about the pain. I don’t want
that to happen. And then, black widow spiders, you know, everyone, can
surely recognize those. I had a ton of these on my back porch last
summer. I don’t. I’ve seen a bunch of them. They were. They were. We
had a very wet early summer, and there were spiders everywhere.
So I was out there with Raid, making sure my kids thought it, but they do
have a neurotoxic venom. It’s like, I forgot the name. It’s like some alpha
toxin. It causes a lot of a lot of, you know, body aches, bone pain. These
people are very, very nauseous and vomiting. They do not look like
they’re feeling well.
If they have underlying medical issues it can make that worse. If you got
heart disease or something else, you know they might induce them to
have a heart attack. But the toxic stuff that now there is an anti-venom for
it. Typically, people don’t get a load of, in ventilation load high enough to
justify it, but it’s more of the, the kind of ends of the spectrum on age,
very young and very old.
They might need the antivenom. So if they, you know, again, treat
anaphylaxis if that occurs, support pain controls the main issue. If I
admitted him to the hospital because he was hurting bad and they had
really bad significant stomach upset, it’s like a muscle spasm kind of
thing. So if you encounter get called out to one of these, you know, I
believe like, you know, they probably are pretty bad.
Juddson:
Some people think I use the old wives’ tale for black widows because it
would mimic appendicitis. They would have bad stomach pain here in
the right lower quadrant. And that likely was from a little fun fact is, it’s
from years and years and years ago, people would go to the outhouse
and sit down and get bit and, on the butt area or perineum, and that or
the venom was the lymphatics would put. Cause that that makes sense.
Dr Philpott:
Okay, so the guy who was bitten on the neck, you didn’t have belly pain
in the right quadrant just as the back hurts. Chest hurt. It’s a circulation of
stomach cramps. He could have done it better, which surprised me. That
sounds like him. I’d never, never seen that before in my training.
Someone with that severe about, like, what I’m going to mention so that,
two main ones, and at least in Texas, I don’t think there are any other
venomous spiders.
I can’t think of any. I mean, that’s a risk for humans. Yeah. But, you know, if
you grab and squeeze a garden spot, they’ll probably bite you. And.
Yeah, as we discussed, almost all spiders have some venom. Yeah. So it’s
just a matter of how bad it is.
Juddson:
So, as we come to a close on these topics, you know, I, I try to think of key
takeaways or, recap key takeaways if, you know, stay away from stuff.
Yeah. Don’t touch it. Don’t touch things. You’re not any cooler by picking
up a rattlesnake. No, no, I have a buddy that it’s all about.
And he thought it was fantastic. Was, And, you know, he might have been
cool for a second, but, yeah, it was cool. That sounds like a lot of my
friends. So, Doctor Philpott, thank you for joining us today. That was a
pleasure. You’re a great resource and a good friend. You always think
about these things from the first responder’s perspective, which is great.
So, make sure you think about your doctors and the conversations that
you could be having with these guys that can help you be a better first
responder, because, most of my conversations that that go the way of the
medical talk with you do end up giving me some insight that could help
me to do that job better, which is always really cool.
So, you know, it does come down to whether my scene is safe and how I
keep it safe. So, you know, if you’re out there and you want to learn more,
or you’re interested in getting your EMT or becoming a paramedic, I will
always have to shout out to the organization that makes this possible.
And that’s Texas EMS school. So if you’re looking for a way to learn or,
hey, you’re a paramedic looking for a way to teach, reach out to us. We’re
always looking. So, this is Judson Smith and Doctor Colton. Phil and I’ll
be signing out the stories about saving lives from the people who saved
them.